#  Further Reading 

 



**Parthenon**

Mary Beard, *The Parthenon* (Cambridge, MA, 2003).

D. Damaskos, 'The uses of Antiquity in photographs by Nelly: imported modernism and home-grown ancestor worship in inter-war Greece,' 3rd SUPPLEMENT, Athens 2008, 321-36.

P. Carabott, Y. Hamilakis, and E. Papargyriou, 'Capturing the Eternal Light: Photography and Greece, Photography of Greece,' in P. Carabott, Y. Hamilakis, and E. Papargyriou (Eds.), From Camera Graeca: Photographs, Narratives, Materialities (Farnham, Surrey, UK: Ashgate, 2015).

UNESCO World Heritage Center. "Acropolis, Athens." UNESCO World Heritage Center. [https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/404/. ](https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/404/)

**Bamiyan Buddhas**

UNESCO World Heritage Center. “Cultural Landscape and Archaeological Remains of the Bamiyan Valley.” UNESCO World Heritage Center. <https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/208/>.

Taylor-Foster, James. “UNESCO Reveals Winning Scheme For The Bamiyan Cultural Centre In Afghanistan.” ArchDaily, February 19, 2015. <https://www.archdaily.com/600403/unesco-reveals-winning-scheme-for-the-bamiyan-cultural-centre-in-afghanistan>.

**Longmen Binyang Central Cave**

Amy McNair, “Early Tang Imperial Patronage at Longmen,” Ars Orientalis 24 (1994): 65-81.

Fletcher Coleman, “Fragments and Traces: Reconstituting Offering Procession of the Empress as Donor with Her Court,” Orientations 49.3 (May/June 2018): 94-101.

Antonio Forte, “The Origins and Role of the Great Fengxian Monastery at Longmen.” Annali dell’Università degli studi di Napoli, vol. 56/3 (1996): 365-387.

**Mosque of Djenné**

UNESCO World Heritage Center. “Old Towns of Djenné.” UNESCO World Heritage Center. <https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/116/>.

Cotter, Holland. “A Tribute to Islam, Earthen but Transcendent.” *The New York Times*, April 18, 2012, sec. Arts. <https://www.nytimes.com/2012/04/19/arts/design/the-great-mosque-in-djenne-mali.html>.

Dainese, Elisa. “Great Mosque of Djenné.” Khan Academy. <https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/ap-art-history/africa-apah/west-africa-apah/a/great-mosque-of-djenne>.

**Hagia Sophia (Istanbul)**

Allen, William. “Hagia Sophia, Istanbul.” Khan Academy. <https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/ap-art-history/early-europe-and-colonial-americas/medieval-europe-islamic-world/a/hagia-sophia-istanbul>.

Barsanti, Claudia, and Alessandra Guiglia. “Spolia in Constantinople’s Hagia Sophia from the Age of Justinian to the Ottoman Period: The Phenomenon of Multilayered Reuse.” In *Spolia Reincarnated: Afterlives of Objects, Materials, and Spaces in Anatolia from Antiquity to the Ottoman Era*. Koc University Research Center for Anatolian Civilizations, 2019.

Dark, Ken, and Jan Kostenec. *Hagia Sophia in Context: An Archaeological Re-Examination of the Cathedral of Byzantine Constantinople*. Oxbow Books, 2019.

Schibille, Nadine. “Light as an Aesthetic Constituent in the Architecture of Hagia Sophia in Constantinople.” In *Manipulationg Light in Premodern Times: Architectural, Artistic, and Philosophical Aspects*, edited by Daniela Mondini and Vladimir Ivanovici. Mendrisio Academy Press, 2014.

The Editorial Board. “The Hagia Sophia Was a Cathedral, a Mosque and a Museum. It’s Converting Again.” *The New York Times*, July 22, 2020, sec. Opinion. <https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/22/opinion/hagia-sophia-mosque.html>.

**Hagia Sophia (Trabzon)**

Alyanak, Oguz, and Alexandra Mateescu. “Hagia Sophia: Between Consecration and Contestation.” openDemocracy, December 3, 2013. <https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/north-africa-west-asia/hagia-sophia-between-consecration-and-contestation/>.

Aykaç, Pinar. “Contesting the Byzantine Past: Four Hagia Sophias as Ideological Battlegrounds of Architectural Conservation in Turkey.” *Heritage &amp; Society* vol. 11, no. 2 (2018).

Eden, Caroline. “Turkey’s Other Hagia Sophia, in Trabzon.” *The Guardian*, October 25, 2017, sec. Travel. <https://www.theguardian.com/travel/2017/oct/25/turkey-other-hagia-sophia-trabzon-church-mosque>.

“Erasing the Christian Past.” *The Economist*, July 27, 2013. <https://www.economist.com/europe/2013/07/27/erasing-the-christian-past>.

“Turkey’s President Is Playing Religious Politics.” *The Economist*, July 11, 2020. <http://www.economist.com/europe/2020/07/11/turkeys-president-is-playing-religious-politics>.

**Palmyra**

Andrade, Nathanael. *Zenobia: Shooting Star of Palmyra* (New York: Oxford University Press, 2018).

Cheikhmous Ali, 'Palmyra: Heritage Adrift. A detailed report on all damage done to the archaeological site between February 2012 and June 2015,' T*he American Schools of Oriental Research Cultural Heritage Initiatives.*

Elcheikh, Zeina. 'Palmyra: A Story of Ruins, Struggle(s), and Beyond.' *Chronos. Revue d'Histoire de l'Universite de Balamand* 39(2019).

Munawar, Nour A. 'Reconstructing Cultural Heritage in Conflict Zones: Should Palmyra be Rebuilt?' E*X NOVO Journal of Archaeology* 2 (December 2017), 33-48.

Richards, George. 'The engagement of local communities is integral to the protection of cultural heritage in Syria, Iraq, and beyond,' *The future of ancient sites in the Middle East* (July 2015).

Smith, Andrew M. II. *Roman Palmyra: Idenity, Community, and State Formation* (2013).

UNESCO World Heritage Center. "Palmyra." UNESCO World Heritage Center. <https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/23/>.

Zeybek, Osman and Mükerrem Arslan, 'Examining Cultural Heritages Harmed By Religious Fanaticism: Sample of the Palmyra Ancient City,' J*ournal of Bartin Faculty of Forestry* 2017.

Zuchowska, Marta. 'Palmyra and the Far Eastern trade.' *Studia Palmyrenskie* 12 (2013). 381-38.

**Babylon**

MacFarquhar, Neil. “Hussein’s Babylon: A Beloved Atrocity.” *The New York Times*, August 19, 2003, sec. World. <https://www.nytimes.com/2003/08/19/world/hussein-s-babylon-a-beloved-atrocity.html>.

Magid, Pesha. “Inside the Abandoned Babylon That Saddam Hussein Built.” Atlas Obscura, December 2, 2019. <http://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/babylon-iraq-saddam-hussein>.

Morcillo, Marta Garcia, and Pauline Hanesworth. “Introduction: Cinematic Cityscapes and the Ancient Past.” In *Imagining Ancient Cities in Film: From Babylong to Cincecittà*, edited by Marta Garcia Morcillo, Pauline Hanesworth, and Óscar Marchena Lapeña. NYC and London: Routledge, 2015.

Parker, Kristin. “The Impact of Armed Conflict on Cultural Heritage,” 2015.

Pedersén, Olof, Paul J.J. Sinclair, Irmgard Hein, and Jakob Andersson. “Cities and Urban Landscapes in the Ancient Near East and Egypt with Special Focus on the City of Babylon.” In *The Urban Mind: Cultural and Environmental Dynamics*, edited by Paul J.J. Sinclair, Gullög Nordquist, Frands Herschend, and Christian Isendahl. Uppsala University, 2010.

Seymour, Michael. *Babylon: Legend, History and the Ancient City*. I. B. Tauris, 2014.

UNESCO. “About the Convention on the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict and Its Two Protocols.” UNESCO. <http://www.unesco.org/new/en/culture/themes/armed-conflict-and-heritage/convention-and-protocols/>.

UNESCO World Heritage Center. “Babylon.” UNESCO World Heritage Center. <https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/278/>.